تعد مجلة ذي قار لعلوم التربية البدنية مجلة بحثية مختصة في مجال التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة، تصدر فصلية بأربعة أعداد كل سنة تقويمية. تقبل البحوث للنشر بعد التحكيم العلمي الرصين، وتنشر الأبحاث التي تختص بالعلوم الرياضية والتربوية. شروط قبول النشر في المجلة * وفي أدناه شروط النشر بمجلتنا: 1. المجلة تقبل البحوث باللغة العربية والإنجليزية ولكن النشر باللغة الإنجليزية فقط. 2. النشر متاح لجميع التدريسيين والباحثين في كليات وأقسام التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة داخل العراق وخارجه. 3. لا تقبل المجلة إلا البحوث المبتكرة التي لم يسبق نشرها، ولا يسمح بإعادة نشر البحث في مجلات أخرى. 4. ترسل الاشتراكات وأجور التقويم والنشر إلى الأمين المالي. 5. أجور النشر: (125,000) دينار للباحثين من داخل العراق، و(100) دولار أو ما يعادلها للباحثين من خارج القطر. 6. التنسيق: ورق A4، هوامش 1.5 سم، خط Times New Roman. العناوين (16)، اسم الباحث (14)، المتن (12). 7. يرفع البحث على المنصة الخاصة بالمجلة عبر الرابط المعتمد. 8. ترتيب البحث: تشمل الصفحة الأولى العنوان ومعلومات الباحث، والصفحة الثانية خلاصة (100 كلمة) باللغتين تشمل الأهداف والاستنتاجات. يجب اتباع نظام IEEE للمصادر. 9. يجب تضمين كلمات مفتاحية (دلالية) وتوفير الهاتف والبريد الإلكتروني لجميع الباحثين.
A Factor Study of Some Physical Abilities and the Skills of Sending and Forehand Strike in Badminton for Students of the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
<a href="Testing and measurement is one of the scientific means that helps in the process of selecting the best students for the requirements of the sport activity practiced according to their physical abilities and the level of their skill performance in badminton, and in order to proceed the selection process correctly, it is necessary to use tests and measurement because it is the best means by which to identify the physical and skill abilities of students, and the research aims to To- Determining the physical tests of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the tests of the sending and front stroke skills of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the simple factor structure of physical tests and the skills of sending and forehand for students of the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences in badminton, and the descriptive curriculum was used on (102) students in the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences of (Salah Al-Din University). Erbil and Soran) in Erbil Governorate for the year 2024-2025 , and (11) physical tests and (4) skill tests were applied, and after processing the data, a set of conclusions were reached: - Seven orthogonal factors were extracted from the process of factor analysis of the results of the tests that the research sample underwent. - In light of the conditions for the acceptance of the factor, (4) factors were accepted and named as (the first factor with the transitional speed, the second factor with the forward dimensional strike, the third factor with the skill of transmission, and the fourth factor with the distinctive force The fifth and seventh factors were neglected because they measure a complex component that is difficult to name and interpret, - the results indicate that the sixth factor using the orthogonal rotation did not achieve the specified number of factor acceptance and was therefore neglected.">Testing and measurement is one of the scientific means that helps in the process of selecting the best students for the requirements of the sport activity practiced according to their physical abilities and the level of their skill performance in badminton, and in order to proceed the selection process correctly, it is necessary to use tests and measurement because it is the best means by which to identify the physical and skill abilities of students, and the research aims to To- Determining the physical tests of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the tests of the sending and front stroke skills of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the simple factor structure of physical tests and the skills of sending and forehand for students of the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences in badminton, and the descriptive curriculum was used on (102) students in the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences of (Salah Al-Din University). Erbil and Soran) in Erbil Governorate for the year 2024-2025 , and (11) physical tests and (4) skill tests were applied, and after processing the data, a set of conclusions were reached: - Seven orthogonal factors were extracted from the process of factor analysis of the results of the tests that the research sample underwent. - In light of the conditions for the acceptance of the factor, (4) factors were accepted and named as (the first factor with the transitional speed, the second factor with the forward dimensional strike, the third factor with the skill of transmission, and the fourth factor with the distinctive force The fifth and seventh factors were neglected because they measure a complex component that is difficult to name and interpret, - the results indicate that the sixth factor using the orthogonal rotation did not achieve the specified number of factor acceptance and was therefore neglected.
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 مجلة جامعة ذي قار لعلوم التربية البدنية https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effectiveness of a Cognitive Counseling Program in Planning Thinking and Some Basic Skills in Football among the Youth of Erbil Club
<a href="The research aims to: 1- Preparing a knowledge counseling program for the youth of Erbil Football Club. 2- Identifying the differences between the pre- and post-tests of the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. 3- Identifying the differences in the post-tests between the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. The researchers used the experimental method in order to suit it and the nature of the problem, and the researchers selected the research sample in the deliberate way, which represents the youth players of Erbil Club and the participant in the Iraqi Football League for professional clubs under 19 years old, which are (28) players, and the sample was divided into two groups (experimental and control), and the researchers relied on the use of the (Version-22) SPSS system to extract the results. The researchers reached some conclusions, the most important of which are: 1- A clear superiority was achieved in improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the pre- and post-tests using the cognitive counseling program and its techniques prepared by the researcher in the experimental group. 2- The experimental group was superior to the control group in developing the planning thinking of the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the two dimensional tests of the two groups. 3- The experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-tests Improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the experimental and control groups. The researchers recommended the following: 1- The need to pay attention to cognitive counseling programs, which are part of long-term psychological preparation programs in teaching some basic cognitive and skill aspects of football. 2- The necessity of conducting similar studies in other sporting events.">The research aims to: 1- Preparing a knowledge counseling program for the youth of Erbil Football Club. 2- Identifying the differences between the pre- and post-tests of the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. 3- Identifying the differences in the post-tests between the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. The researchers used the experimental method in order to suit it and the nature of the problem, and the researchers selected the research sample in the deliberate way, which represents the youth players of Erbil Club and the participant in the Iraqi Football League for professional clubs under 19 years old, which are (28) players, and the sample was divided into two groups (experimental and control), and the researchers relied on the use of the (Version-22) SPSS system to extract the results. The researchers reached some conclusions, the most important of which are: 1- A clear superiority was achieved in improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the pre- and post-tests using the cognitive counseling program and its techniques prepared by the researcher in the experimental group. 2- The experimental group was superior to the control group in developing the planning thinking of the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the two dimensional tests of the two groups. 3- The experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-tests Improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the experimental and control groups. The researchers recommended the following: 1- The need to pay attention to cognitive counseling programs, which are part of long-term psychological preparation programs in teaching some basic cognitive and skill aspects of football. 2- The necessity of conducting similar studies in other sporting events.
Cognitive Counseling Program, Plan Thinking, Basic Skills, Erbil Club Youth
The Effectiveness of a Rehabilitation Program Based on Improving the Load Symmetry Index between the Upper Limbs in Reducing the Severity of Wrist Joint Pain in Wheelchair Fencing Players with Mobility Disabilities
The research aims to identify the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program based on improving the load symmetry index between the upper extremities in reducing the severity of wrist joint pain in wheelchair fencing players with mobility disabilities. The researcher used the experimental method by designing one group (before-post) on a deliberate sample of (4) players. The intensity of pain was measured using the Digital Pain Scale (NRS), measure the grip force with a dynamometer, and then calculate the load symmetry index (%). The results showed a decrease in pain intensity and an improvement in the load symmetry index after the program, indicating its practical feasibility in rehabilitation and support for a safe return to training.
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2026 مجلة جامعة ذي قار لعلوم التربية البدنية https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effectiveness of the Physical Education Lesson in the Sense of Happiness and Their Reflection in Reducing School Pressures for the Primary Stage from the Teachers' Perspective
The physical education lesson, which represents the smallest educational unit in the school curriculum, directly contributes to providing learners with the ability to experience the activity, understand and modify their behavior, as the primary stage is an important stage in the lives of students. The research problem, where the researcher, being one of the physical education teachers in the primary stage, noticed that there are difficulties or behavioral obstacles as a result of the school pressures placed on the students, including sitting for a long time during the learning process in the classroom. The research aimed to identify the effectiveness of the physical education lesson in terms of the feeling of happiness and their reflection in alleviating school stress among primary school students. The researcher used the descriptive method of survey studies as it is an appropriate method and the nature of the research problem, while the research sample that was selected by the stratified random method relying on the information and data of the research community, represented by (physical education teachers) reached (322 teachers, 321 female teachers) out of a number of (643) like the total population, distributed on (Al-Hashemiya district, Al-Madhatiya district, Al-Shomali district). The most important conclusions: With regard to school pressure, the results indicate that it was high among primary school students. The most important recommendations are: raising awareness of the family, school and community about the phenomenon of violence and the need to address it, and reducing school pressures on students in the school environment and the family as well through parent councils and school media.
The Impact of a Sports Training Program on Some Elements of Physical Fitness in the Transition Phase of Youth Football in Iraq
The research aims to improve some elements of physical fitness in the transitional phase of the youth category in the football category in Iraq, the researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research, and the sample was deliberately selected from the youth category in football under 17 years old at the Oil Sports Club, where the exploratory study was conducted to calculate the scientific coefficients of the tests on (30) youth games outside the main sample, and the basic study was conducted on (60)) Playing football under 17 years old. Among the most important results that the researcher reached through the research objectives and within the limits of the sample, the researcher concluded: Sports training led to an improvement in the transitional speed by (15.13%), motor speed by (37.07%), the speed of return time by (27.63%), and the speed endurance by (9.50%) in the transitional phase for youth in football in Iraq.Sports training led to the improvement of the strength characterized by speed by a percentage ranging from (22.38% to 57.41%) in the transitional phase of the youth category in football in Iraq.Sports training led to an improvement in agility (7.34%), flexibility ( 89.14%), balance (41.38%), accuracy (24.85%) and compatibility by 22.45% in the transitional phase among youth football in Iraq.The impact of the sports training program was high on some elements of physical fitness in the transitional phase for youth in football in Iraq.
The Impact of a Training Program on the Development of Some Basic Skills for Junior Football Players
The study aims to identify the effect of a proposed training program on the development of some basic football skills among players. A sample of soccer players was selected within this age group and divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group underwent a training program prepared according to scientific foundations, which included special skill exercises to develop the skills of passing, rolling, shooting, and controlling the ball, taking into account the age characteristics of the players, while the control group continued the traditional training followed. Pre- and post-tests were performed for both groups, and the results were statistically analyzed using appropriate methods. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group in the post-tests of basic skills, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed training program in developing the skill level of the players. The study recommended the need to adopt scientific training programs to develop the skills of football players at an early age.
The Effect of Reciprocal Exercises on the Development of Some Physical Abilities and the Achievement of the Effectiveness of the Long Jump
The reciprocal method is one of these methods thatgives a great role to the learner in the learning process and leads to the creation of new relationships and behaviors in the student's and the teacher's home, and develops the transfer of a large number of decisions to the student and creates social relations of special awareness among students, so the importance of research lies in developing the physical abilities of students to learn better for optimal performance by developing special exercises using the reciprocal method to learn the effectiveness of the long jump for college students and economically in terms of The study aimed to prepare exercises for the reciprocal method and to know their effect on the development of some physical abilities and the achievement of the jump effectiveness, as the researcher used the experimental method on the students of the first stage at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences – University of Al-Qadisiyah for the academic year (2024-2025). The number of students amounted to (60) students representing the two divisions (E-D) and by random method, (40) students representing the study sample were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups with (20) students for each group , as the exercises included (8) educational units as well as two introductory units and two educational units per week and after the end of the curriculum and processing the results, the researcher concluded.The exercises of the reciprocal method have a positive effect on the development of some physical abilities (speed and strength) in the members of the research sample (experimental group), which led to the development of the level of achievement
The Effectiveness of a Mental Training Program in Developing Mental Toughness in the Players of Samawa Basketball Club
The Effectiveness of a Mental Training Program in Developing Mental Toughness in the Players of Samawa Basketball Club Research Objectives: 1- Identifying the effect of the mental training program on the development of mental toughness among the players of Samawa Basketball Club. 2- Comparing the results of the pre- and post-measurements to know the level of improvement resulting from the program. Research Sample : The players of Samawa Basketball Club for the sports season (2025-2026), which are (20) players. The most important conclusions: The (training – mental) program has a positive effect on improving the mental toughness of the players of Samawa Basketball Club. Recommendations: The program prepared by the researcher and the mental aspects it contained (mental and muscular relaxation, and visualization of skills) reflected positively in the process of improving mental toughness.
Job Alienation and its Relationship with the Organizational Affiliation of Technical Supervisors in the Sports and School Activity Departments in the Directorate of Education of Diwaniya Governorate
The research aims to prepare the scales of job alienation and job affiliation for technical supervisors, knowledge of job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors, and knowing the relationship between job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors, and the research problem lies in answering the following question (what is the relationship between job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors in the sports and school activity departments of the directorates of Diwaniya Education) The researcher used the descriptive method in the method of relational relations because it is proportional to the objectives of the study to solve The research problem identifies the research community, which are the technical supervisors of sports activity (directorates of sports activity in Diwaniya), through a statistic obtained, which are (180) supervisors in Diwaniyah Governorate. The standards of job alienation and organizational affiliation have been prepared through the use of scientific foundations and the researcher's conclusions, the technical supervisor feels that they really belong to the administrative and technical tasks assigned to him, and that the work of the technical supervisor has a very great meaning for the department and the department to which he belongs, and the researcher recommended the need to provide the sports and school activity departments with advantages and incentives for technical supervisors with distinguished performance, and to create an atmosphere for positive competition among them because of its effective and influential role in consolidating the level of (organizational affiliation) in them.
Building a Scale of the Difficulties of Practical Teaching of Football from the Perspective of its Professors in the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
The purpose of this study is to build a scale of the difficulties of practical teaching of football among the professors of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the subject of football, and to classify these difficulties according to organizational, technical, material, educational, and professional axes. The research problem was the absence of codified scientific tools that accurately reveal the nature of the difficulties faced by football professors in the practical aspect, which makes the process of analysis, treatment and development difficult, the researchers used the descriptive-analytical method as it is the most appropriate in studies of building standards and diagnosing educational phenomena, and the research population was identified from the professors of football in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in Iraqi universities For the academic year (2024-2025), the researchers selected a sample of (150) football teachers with at least five years of experience in this field, the scale was built according to scientific steps that include preparing paragraphs, presenting them to the referees, and testing the honesty and consistency using the appropriate statistical methods.The researchers concluded that there are real difficulties suffered by football professors in the practical aspect, ranging from organizational, technical and material difficulties, the most common of which were the weakness of stadium equipment, lack of tools, and incompatibility of practical lesson times with the conditions of students and professors, and based on these results, the study recommends the adoption of the scale that was built as a reference tool in evaluating the reality of football teaching, with the need for the intervention of scientific departments to address problems and updating educational resources to keep pace with the nature of the subject.
An Analytical Study of Some Biomechanical Variables of Scoring Skill from the (6m) and (10m) Regions and Their Relationship with Accuracy in Futsal
The study aimed to identify the following: Identifying the values of some of the biomechanical variables of scoring from the penalty marks (6) and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Identifying the Differences of Some Biomechanical Variables for Scoring from the Penalty Marks (6) Meters and (10) Meters in Futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Identifying the Relationship of Some Biomechanical Variables for Scoring from the Penalty Marks (6) Meters and (10) Meters in Futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The study also imposed to: The existence of significant differences for some of the biokinematic variables of the penalty marks (6) meters and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. There is a significant relationship for some of the biokinematic variables of the penalty marks (6) meters and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The research population included seven (7) female students who were selected by the deliberate method, and after conducting the exploratory experiment, the researchers conducted the main experiment on five female students who are good at scoring in the game of futsal and the researchers concluded: There were no significant differences in the angles of the joints of the body parts in most of the variables of scoring accuracy for the areas of (6) meters and (10) meters. There is a significant correlation between the variable of horizontal and vertical displacement, the sum of the displacement and the accuracy of scoring from an area of (6) meters. There is a significant correlation between the variable of horizontal velocity, vertical velocity, total velocity, and scoring accuracy for (10) meters. Hence, the researchers recommended: Emphasizing the study of the positive results of biomechanical variables to benefit from them in football training and education processes. Intensifying training on penalty kicks (6) meters and (10) meters in the training units.
The Effect of Graded Activities Strategy on Learning to Perform Rolling and Deception Skills in Football for Students
The research aims to identify the effect of the graded activities strategy on learning the performance of the skills of rolling and deception in football for students, and to identify the advantage of the effect between the experimental and control groups in the post-test in the performance of the skills of rolling and deception in football for students. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research problem by designing the two equal groups (experimental and control) with pre- and post-tests, and the research community included first-stage students at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Babylon for the academic year (2023-2024), as they reached (120) students divided into three study divisions (B), (C), and (D) The research sample was selected by random method by lottery method of (40) students divided into two experimental and control groups of (20) students, and the data were statistically processed for the variables researched using the statistical package (SPSS), and one of the most important conclusions reached by the researcher is that the use of educational units according to the strategy of graded activities has an effective effect on increasing students' motivationTowards learning, as well as raising the level of students in learning to perform the skills in football under study, the most important recommendations that the researcher came out with using educational units according to the strategy of graded activities, which contributed significantly to the development of students in the performance of the skills under study, and the need to apply modern study strategies because they have a positive impact on the level of learning.
Designing an innovative rehabilitation program based on visual-motor training to treat rotator sleeve injuries and develop some physical and skill variables for injured basketball players.
The research problem lies in the lack of integrated rehabilitation programs that treat rotator cuff injuries from the perspective of functional performance, as most of the current programs focus on restoring range of motion and muscle strength in isolation from the actual performance requirements, neglecting the cognitive-sensory aspect that connects vision and movement, and relying on typical exercises that do not simulate unexpected conditions on the field. The readiness of the shoulder to deal with complex visual and motor stimuli, and the continued weakness of accuracy and speed in basic skills despite the disappearance of pain The research aims to design an innovative rehabilitation program based on visual-motor training to treat rotator sleeve injuries and develop some physical and skill variables for injured basketball players and identify the most important physical and skill variables of injured basketball players The researchers used the experimental one-group method to suit the nature of the research, and the researchers identified the research population and sample in the deliberate way, which are The researchers concluded that the effectiveness of the innovative rehabilitation program in achieving real and measurable improvements in the physical and skill aspects of basketball players with rotator fist can be adopted as an advanced model that goes beyond traditional rehabilitation to the comprehensive development of athletic performance that integrates physical, skillful, and cognitive abilities into one integrated system.
The Effect of Special Training Using the Soma Application on Photographing Some Physical Abilities of Young Handball Players
The Effect of Special Training Using the Soma Application on Photographing Some Physical Abilities of Young Handball Players The study aimed to identify the effect of special training using the Soma application in imaging some of the physical abilities of young handball players, the importance of the research lies in the tests and physical measurements that reflect the level of adaptation that can be caused by the training curriculum that the handball players underwent under study, which enables coaches to discover the abilities to achieve the desired goals of the training curriculum, hence the importance of using the Soma application in depicting some physical abilities For young handball players, what are the research objectives: Develop a special training curriculum using the Soma app to develop some physical abilities in young handball players. Identify the effect of the special training curriculum to develop some physical abilities in young handball players. The research areas were: 1-5-1 Human field: Youth players of Baquba Sporting Club in handball. 1.5.2 Spatial Domain: The indoor Katoon Forum Hall in Baquba. 1.5.3 Temporal Domain: For the period from 1/6/2025 to 1/8/2025 The most important conclusions were: The use of the Soma application is a performance to improve the players' ability to endure speed because of the similarity of this style to the nature of the kinetic performance of the game of handball. The development of speed prolongation had a great impact on improving the players' ability to improve their ability to resist fatigue and continue to perform efficiently.
The Effect of the Learning Dimensions Model on the Teaching of Some Basic Skills Student Football
The importance of this research lies in the fact that it seeks to introduce one of the modern teaching models into the field of physical education, in accordance with the nature of the game of football and the needs of learners. A scientific method is also presented that contributes to the development of basic football skills in a way that is based on thinking and understanding, rather than on indoctrination. The research problem was: The researcher found that there is a weak level of learning and developing basic skills in football among students as a result of the adoption of traditional teaching methods that do not take into account the requirements of modern learning, which calls for research on the impact of applying the learning dimensions model as one of the effective educational models that can contribute to the development of the education process and improve their skill performance. The research objective was to identify the effect of the Dimensions of Learning model on teaching some basic skills in football to students. The experimental method was used, while the research sample was the students of the first stage at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Basra, and after applying the model, the most important conclusions were reached: The Learning Dimensions model helped to teach and develop some basic skills in football for students. Recommendation: Adopting the Learning Dimensions model as it helps to teach and develop some basic football skills for students.
The Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises with Paraffin Wax on Improving the Strength and Range of Motion of Wrist Joint Patients in Handball Players
The world is witnessing vast progress in all fields and various sciences, especially those sciences that are closely related to the sciences of physical education, especially physiotherapy and preparationfor sports injuries of all types and types. More than normal, most of the injuries were in the ligaments of the joint, as the researcher had data about rehabilitation, as the occurrence of this sports injury is one of the important problems that limit the functional efficiency of the wrist joint and the abilities of the athlete or the loss of his future, to identify the effect of rehabilitation exercises in improving the strength and range of motion of those with wrist joint injuries in handball players, and the researcher used the experimental method to suit the research problem, where the After the completion of the pre- and post-tests and the application of rehabilitative exercises, the researcher reached the following results that the rehabilitation exercises positively affected the rehabilitation of the wrist joint patients in the research sample in improving both muscle strength and range of motion
Design and codification of the strength tolerance test for the limbs (arms and legs together) using Purple Rubber Cord for Wrestlers (17-19) Years Old
The importance of the research is manifested by the need to design and codify a codified scientific test for the strength tolerance of the limbs using the purple rubber rope, in line with the physical and physiological characteristics of wrestlers in this age group, and the provision of a codified and objective test that measures the strength tolerance of the limbs in wrestlers aged (17-19) years using the purple rubber cord, which helps trainers and researchers to diagnose the physical level more accurately, and follow up the training development scientifically. The problem of the research was: the absence of a codified and specific scientific test to measure the strength tolerance of the limbs using rubber ropes in wrestlers aged (17-19) years, which is relied on in sports training, we will not be able to develop and progress at the level, and the use of modern training tools that are commensurate with the requirements of this age and provide clear standards and standard grades for such types of tests makes the diagnosis of the real level of strength endurance and the follow-up of its developmentin the first place. Research Objectives:
A Comparative Study of Traditional Teaching and Personalized Teaching Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in Teaching Racquetball Skills
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of traditional teaching methods and customized teaching using artificial intelligence algorithms in improving skill performance (technical level and accuracy) and motivation towards learning racquet skills. The researcher used the quasi-experimental approach by designing the two groups (control and experimental) with a pre- and post-selection selection. The study sample consisted of (40) junior students They were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=20) received personalized instruction using artificial intelligence, and the control group (n=20) received traditional instruction. A battery of skill tests and a questionnaire were applied to measure motivation.The results showed that there were statistically significant differences (α ≤ 0.05) in favor of the experimental group in all skill performance variables, where the average percentage of improvement in the technical level was 36.4% and the accuracy was 33.4%. The experimental group also recorded higher levels of motivation and better scores in the honesty and stability of the measurement tool. The study concluded that the AI-based teaching model is superior in improving skill performance and motivation, recommending the integration of these technologies in physical education curricula and training teachers to use them, and adopting A hybrid model that combines the advantages of the two methods.
The Effect of Educational Exercises According to the Cafarel Model on the Teaching of Some Basic Skills Futsal
The importance of the research is manifested in the consideration of the (Cavaril) model that provides a new educational method that teachers can apply in the education of futsal football players, as it helps to raise the efficiency of learning by enhancing the learner's understanding and active participation in the education process, and contributes to the development of the skill performance of emerging players in a scientific and organized manner that contributes to raising the level of the game in sports and educational institutions. The research problem was: The level does not achieve ambition, which requires the application of educational exercises according to a sophisticated and modern model such as the Cafarel model, which relies on structured and guided learning, as it allows the learner to move from theoretical understanding to practical application through specific stages that include explanation, analysis, practice, and evaluation, and this model is expected to contribute to improving the learning of basic skills in futsal football by developing motor understanding and activating the student's participation in the educational process in a more effective way. The research aimed to find out the effect of educational exercises according to the Cavarel model on teaching some of the main skills in futsal football. The experimental method was used, but the research sample was beginner futsal players, and after applying the exercises, the most important conclusions were reached: the educational exercises according to the Cavarel model were successful and useful in teaching some basic skills in futsal football. Adopting educational exercises according to the Cafarel model as they are successful and useful in teaching some basic skills in futsal football.
Creative Strategic Vision and Knowledge Management and Their Relationship to Organizational Change of Athletics Administrative Staff Members from the Perspective of Referees and Coaches
The importance of this research is highlighted in shedding light on the relationship between creative strategic vision and knowledge management and its relationship with organizational change, especially in the Iraqi Athletics Federation, which represents a realistic model for a sports institution that needs administrative cadres with high skills in creative strategic vision as well as knowledge management for that, which fills a knowledge gap in the field of Iraqi sports management, and gives institutions and federations the possibility of relying on objective results in developing future development plans, and the problem can be formulated by the following question: Creative Strategic Vision and Knowledge Management of Organizational Change for Athletics Administrative Staff Members from the Perspective of Referees and Coaches?)As for the most important objectives of the research (preparing and applying the measures of creative strategic vision, knowledge management, and organizational change for the members of the administrative body of athletics from the point of view of referees and coaches), the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method for its suitability and the nature of the research problem, where the research population and its samples were identified, and the researcher followed the steps of preparing and applying the three scales and the data were processed using the statistical methods used in the research, while the fourth chapter included the presentation, analysis and discussion of the results of the three scales and the extent of the relationship between them, and the researcher concluded (that The level of creative strategic vision of the members of the administrative body of athletics came at a high and statistically significant level, which reflects their awareness, high thinking and discipline in performing duties), and the researcher recommended (employing the periodic analysis of administrative data in the federation to make decisions based on scientific and realistic foundations).
The effect of motor agility exercises to reduce some of the lower extremity injuries of oil club players forfootball
The game of football is one of the most popular and widespread games in the world, as it has reached a level of fame that has not been reported by other games, as it has become very important for peoples of different genders and tongues, and with the great development in the intensity of sports competitions for players, this has been accompanied by the increase in the incidence of sports injuries, especially in the muscles of the lower extremities, as it constitutes (30%) of the total injuries in football. By reviewing some previous sources and studies and conducting a mini-study on the most important muscle injuries of the lower extremities in the game of football on (1/11/2024) until (15 days) on the rehabilitation centers, which are (4) centers, where (25 injuries) occurred in the muscles of football players, and the number of injuries (5) related to the lower limbs, and the highest three percentages of these injuries were selected, and the percentage of the posterior femoral muscle was (25%) and the muscle. The study aimed to find out the effect of motor agility exercises to reduce some of the lower limb injuries of the players of the oil football club, and the researcher used the experimental method with one experimental group as it is the closest approach to solving a research problem. The research population was selected by the deliberate method, represented by the Iraqi Youth League clubs for the sports season (2024-2025), which are (44) teams, and the percentage of the research sample was (3.25%), and the researcher conducted the experiment on (16/11/2024) on a sample of (two) players of the Naft Football Club in the youth category, who were excluded after the completion of the experiment, and the researcher processed his data obtained from the tests used using the statistical package (SPSS). The researcher recommends the use of motor agility exercises because of their positive and noticeable effect in reducing some muscle injuries to the muscles of the lower extremities.
The Effect of Instantaneous Strength Training in the High-Intensity Repetitive Method to Develop Some Physical Abilities and the Accuracy of Stabbing with Direct Direct Attack
that The importance of research in Shares Research in enriching the scientific library on the effect of instantaneous strength exercises in the high-intensity repetitive method on the development of physical abilities and the accuracy of the direct straight attack stabbing, and opens up prospects for similar studies in other sports, and was Research Problem that The dueling game needs to be Player It has a great role and a positive participant in acquiring the skills of this distinctive game, which enjoys high popularity and a lot of interest in it, as it is one of the individual games in which the player's skill capabilities are highlighted through the consistency of the skill parts and a performance that reflects high fluidity and a dazzling aesthetic that attracts the attention of the public and its followers, and because most of its skills, whether defensive or offensive, need a quantity of Physical and Skill Abilities , it has become necessary to pay attention to the capabilities Physical which is a basic requirement to reflect high effectiveness in the performance of these skills ، Therefore, the researcher decided to study this real problem and identify solutions that may be appropriate through the use of instantaneous strength exercises in the repetitive, high-intensity method to develop some physical abilities and the accuracy of the stab with a direct direct attack But Goals Research Preparation of instantaneous strength exercises in the high-intensity repetitive method to develop some physical abilities and the accuracy of the direct straight attack stabbing, and identifying the statistical differences between the pre- and post-tests of physical abilities The accuracy of the direct direct attack, and the researcher used Curriculum Experimental Style One Group To suit the nature of the problem ، It was determined Research Community In a deliberate way and they are illusion Fencing Class Players Youth affiliated to the Ministry of Youth and Sports in Dhi Qar Governorate Sports Season (2025-2026), which are (6) players ، They were selected as a research sample and represent a percentage of (100%) of the community Original, and one of the most important Conclusions that Exercises Instantaneous power in the high-intensity repetitive method It has had an impact on the development of Physical abilities of fencing players.
A Comparative Analysis of the Outputs of Gemini and ChatGPT Systems in the Design of Specialized Nutrition for Futsal Players in Light of the Requirements of the Local Environment
The aim of the present research was to conduct a comparative evaluation between the outputs of the artificial intelligence (Gemini) and (ChatGPT) systems to determine their accuracy and reliability in designing specialized sports nutrition programs for futsal players (for the category under 18 years old), and the extent to which these systems respond to the requirements of the local environment in the city of Najaf. The researcher used the descriptive method with the analytical method to suit the nature of the study, and the research sample was represented in the (Gemini) and (ChatGPT) systems as smart software tools. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a "scientific evaluation form" that was presented to (5) experts specialized in sports nutrition and physiology, which included (8) specialized evaluation axes. After statistical processing of the data using arithmetic mean, relative weight, and T-test of correlated samples, the results showed that both systems have a high ability to design nutrition programs with a general relative weight of more than (83%). The value of the significance level (Sig) also appeared to be lower than the significance level (0.05), which indicates that there are significant differences between the two systems and in favor of the (Gemini) system, which achieved a calculated value of (T) of (3.32). Gemini has clearly excelled in taking into account the environmental variables of the city of Najaf and the timings of meals associated with hospitalization. The researcher concluded that the Gemini system is the most efficient in providing "environmental" nutritional solutions that suit the specificity of the Iraqi player, and recommended the need to adopt these technologies as auxiliary tools under specialized supervision to ensure scientific safety.
Mood disorders among the players of some Thi Qar University teams
Sports psychology is one of the important fields in sports activity and has a fundamental and important role in addressing many issues that stand in the way of athletes and achieving the desired level for them in all sports events, because it is a science that sails in the same player to know his secrets, and this contributes to building the player's personality in an integrated way to be more prepared or prepared to deal with the circumstances that face him. Mood disorders are a group of psychological conditions that affect an individual's emotional state and lead to noticeable changes in mood, energy, and behavior. The university stage is one of the most important stages of a student's life, as it has a great impact on shaping his personality and determining his future path. In the midst of this stage, students face many psychological, social, and scientific challenges, which may negatively affect their psychological stability and daily behavior. Mood disorders are one of the most prominent psychological problems that students may suffer from, as they have a direct impact on their academic performance, social interaction, and general health.
Building and codifying the scale of emotional obedience among youth football club players
Research Objective: To build and codify the Emotional Submissiveness Scale among Football Players. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method, the research population represented the football players in Baghdad and Basra governorate as a youth group, andthe sample building the emotional obedience scale consisted of (100) players, in addition to the survey sample consisted of (14) players and the rationing sample consisted of (50) individuals. The researcher concluded: The ability of the Emotional Submissiveness Meter in Football Players On measuring emotional obedience and with all transparency The problem is clearly that the emotional obedience of football players. The scale's ability to characterize the emotional obedience of the research sample in a broader and broader sense than they thought. Knowledge of modern psychological programs address negative cases of emotional submissiveness. It was Recommendations: Work on the emotional obedience scale because it is ready to generalize the results. Paying attention to the psychological state of athletes every day and knowing the variables and developments in it. Understanding society and working to keep athletes away from the media that affects their psychological state. Conducting research by using the scale for another sample.
The Effect of Compound Exercises (Mental – Skill) on the Development of Attention Shift Ability, Motor Response and Accuracy of Stabbing with Simple Straight Attack
that The importance of research in Use of compound exercises (mental) – skill) In the development of Ability to Shift Attention and Motor Response and accuracy Stabbing with a simple straight attack, and it was Research Problem She Through the researcher's experience, he observed that fencing players do not have enough mental abilities necessary to perform the skill of stabbing with a direct direct attack, which makes it impossible for them to achieve good levels in the game of fencing. So he has Seek Researcher to Use of compound exercises (mental) – skill) In the development of Ability to Shift Attention and Motor Response and accuracy Stabbing with a simple straight attack, either Goals Research She Prepared by Use of compound exercises (mental – skill) In the development of Ability to Shift Attention and Motor Response and accuracy Challenge by simple straight attack, and Identifying the Statistical Differences Between Pre- and Post-Tests For my ability to divert attention and motor response And for accuracy Challenge by simple straight attack, andThe researcher used the experimental method in the One Group To suit the nature of the problem . The research population was determined by the deliberate method, which are the (youth) fencing players of the category of (youth) affiliated to the Ministry of Youth and Sports in Dhi Qar Governorate for the sports season (2023-2024), which are (5) players, and they were selected as a sample for the research and represent (100%) of the original population, and one of the most important conclusions is compound exercises (mental).– skill) that had an impact on the development of the ability to divert attention and motor response.
The relationship between the explosive ability of the two men and the accuracy of the consistent scoring of the players of the Dhi Qar University football team
The current research aims to identify the relationship between explosive ability and the accuracy of fixed scoring in football among the members of the research sample, and the research population represented the players of the Dhi Qar University football team for the academic year 2024-2025, which were (32) players who were selected deliberately, and their percentage was (100%) from the original population. The importance of the research lies in providing information on the relationship between explosive power and the accuracy of static scoring in football and how one of them affects the other, as it makes the training process a sound process and thus saves effort and time, which improves skill performance. The research problem was to notice a clear weakness in the accuracy of static scoring, this may be the result of the weak explosive ability of the students while kicking the ball, they do camouflage and change direction, as not improving it will lead to the performance of the static scoring skill in an incomplete way, so the research problem is manifested in knowing the extent of the relationship and the correlation between the explosive ability and the performance of the skill of scoring accuracy from set pieces, considering that fixed shots, especially from long distances, need a high level of explosive ability in the performance of this skill. In order to reach a specific area in the goal. The researcher used the descriptive method to suit the research objectives. In light of the results obtained, the researcher found that there is a significant correlation between the explosive ability and the skill of scoring accuracy from set kicks in football in the research sample, and the explosive power of the muscles of the legs is considered a physical effect of this effectiveness because it is involved in all skills and movements that perform with high strength and speed, as it contributed to the development of the accuracy of static scoring. Based on the conclusions reached, the researcher recommends that sports workers, whether coaches or teachers, focus on identifying the appropriate capabilities for each event for the purpose of developing it and working to improve them to raise the level of performance.
Anthropometric measurements and their relationship to the digital achievement of the elevation of the Klein For first-level students ofthe Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
This research aims to identify the physical measurements of first-level students at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, and to study the relationship between these measurements and digital achievement in the overall elevation. The researcher used the descriptive method to suit the nature and objectives of the research, and the research population included the first-level students at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Samarra University, who were (81)(5) students were selected for the exploratory experiment by simple random method and excluded from the main experiment, while the research sample consisted of (63) students for the main experiment, and it was confirmed that it was homogeneous.
Mustafa Ahmed Abd El , Majeed Al , Samarrai
Building an evaluation model of physical health in women aged (35–50) years based on some anthropometric indicators
<a href="Physical health is one of the main pillars of overall human health, especially in middle-aged women (35–50 years), due to physiological and hormonal changes that may affect physical fitness and health status. This research aims to build a physical health assessment model based on a set of anthropometric indicators including body mass index, waist ratios, thickness of skin folds, and periphery. The research used the descriptive correlational approach, and the data was collected from a sample of 80 women within fitness programs in Baghdad, with the application of standard measurement tools such as the Calibre skin fold measurement device and the measuring tape. The results of the analysis of the main components showed that four basic factors explain the overall variation in the data, where the factor of thickness of skin folds was the most influential by 35.888%, followed by the relative factor, body circumference and fat storage factor. These results confirm that anthropometric measurements provide accurate and objective indicators for assessing physical health in middle-aged women. The researcher concluded that the proposed evaluation model can be relied upon as a practical tool to accurately and reliably determine levels of physical health. It recommended the application of this model in preventive and evaluation programs to guide women towards healthy lifestyles and improve their quality of life and general health.">Physical health is one of the main pillars of overall human health, especially in middle-aged women (35–50 years), due to physiological and hormonal changes that may affect physical fitness and health status. This research aims to build a physical health assessment model based on a set of anthropometric indicators including body mass index, waist ratios, thickness of skin folds, and periphery. The research used the descriptive correlational approach, and the data was collected from a sample of 80 women within fitness programs in Baghdad, with the application of standard measurement tools such as the Calibre skin fold measurement device and the measuring tape. The results of the analysis of the main components showed that four basic factors explain the overall variation in the data, where the factor of thickness of skin folds was the most influential by 35.888%, followed by the relative factor, body circumference and fat storage factor. These results confirm that anthropometric measurements provide accurate and objective indicators for assessing physical health in middle-aged women. The researcher concluded that the proposed evaluation model can be relied upon as a practical tool to accurately and reliably determine levels of physical health. It recommended the application of this model in preventive and evaluation programs to guide women towards healthy lifestyles and improve their quality of life and general health.