Building the Scale of Legal and Theoretical Knowledge for Beach Volleyball Referees

Abstract

Beach volleyball is one of the modern team sports that has witnessed a wide development and spread at the local and international levels, as it represents a combination of high physical skill and playing in a natural environment characterized by challenge and flexibility. With the development of this game, there is an urgent need to develop all its aspects, the most prominent of which is the legal aspect (refereeing), which is a decisive factor in controlling the flow of matches and achieving competitive fairness.                       

The referee is an essential element of any match, as he is responsible for applying the rules and regulatory standards with accuracy and impartiality. It is important for referees to have a high level of legal and theoretical knowledge of the game, ensuring that they are able to make the right decisions at the right time. However, the reality indicates that there are disparities in the level of this knowledge among referees, which may negatively affect the quality of refereeing performance.