University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education
type: channel
description: University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education (UTJSPE) is a scholarly, open-access journal issued by the University of Thi-Qar, College of Sciences of Physical Education. It provides immediate and free access to all published content, ensuring wide dissemination of research findings. The journal follows a rigorous anonymous peer-review process to maintain academic quality and integrity. UTJSPE publishes monthly issues covering various fields within sports science, including training, physiology, and motor performance. All articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, allowing unrestricted use with proper citation. To uphold ethical standards, the journal employs Turnitin software to detect and prevent plagiarism.
publisher: University of Thi-Qar
language: en
publication name: University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education
issn: 3006-2462
items: الفهرس والمقدمات
items: تأثير استخدام وسائل تدريبية في تأهيل مفصل الرسغ لدى الطلاب المصابين في درس التنس الارضي
items: تأثير انموذج بارمان في تعلم مهارتي المناولة والدحرجة بكرة القدم للطالبات
items: The Effect of Integrated Barre and Gyrokinesis Exercises on Trunk Flexibility and Selected Motor Abilities for First-Year Female Students
items: Investing leisure time in recreational sports activities to reduce psychological stress among prisoners
items: تقييم أثر الدروس العملية في توازن القوة العضلية للذراعين باستخدام جهاز( Bullworker X5 )لدى طلاب التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة
items: Establishing Reference Levels for Assessing Physical Health among Women Participating in Fitness Programs Based on Selected Anthropometric Measurements
items: The effect of exercises based on the differential learning method on learning the skills of tamping and passing for football players under (13) years teams
items: A Factor Study of Some Physical Abilities and the Skills of Sending and Forehand Strike in Badminton for Students of the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
items: The Effectiveness of a Cognitive Counseling Program in Planning Thinking and Some Basic Skills in Football among the Youth of Erbil Club
items: اعداد وتطبيق مقياس القيادة الأخلاقية لدى العاملين في اتحادات لعبة كرة اليد في العراق
items: The effect of preventative exercises in the water to strengthen back muscles for the lifeguards of Yarmouk Recreational Club
items: Professional ethics and their role in supporting the professional engagement of employees in youth and sports forums in Baghdad
items: دراسة تحليلية لعزوف الطالبات عن المشاركة في النشاطات الرياضية بكلية القانون جامعة القادسية
items: https://utjspe.utq.edu.iq/index.php/utjspe/en/article/view/1016
items: The Effectiveness of the Physical Education Lesson in the Sense of Happiness and Their Reflection in Reducing School Pressures for the Primary Stage from the Teachers' Perspective
items: The Impact of a Sports Training Program on Some Elements of Physical Fitness in the Transition Phase of Youth Football in Iraq
items: The Impact of a Training Program on the Development of Some Basic Skills for Junior Football Players
items: The Effect of Reciprocal Exercises on the Development of Some Physical Abilities and the Achievement of the Effectiveness of the Long Jump
items: https://utjspe.utq.edu.iq/index.php/utjspe/en/article/view/1003
items: The Effectiveness of a Mental Training Program in Developing Mental Toughness in the Players of Samawa Basketball Club
items: Job Alienation and its Relationship with the Organizational Affiliation of Technical Supervisors in the Sports and School Activity Departments in the Directorate of Education of Diwaniya Governorate
items: Building a Scale of the Difficulties of Practical Teaching of Football from the Perspective of its Professors in the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
items: An Analytical Study of Some Biomechanical Variables of Scoring Skill from the (6m) and (10m) Regions and Their Relationship with Accuracy in Futsal
items: The Effect of Graded Activities Strategy on Learning to Perform Rolling and Deception Skills in Football for Students
items: Designing an innovative rehabilitation program based on visual-motor training to treat rotator sleeve injuries and develop some physical and skill variables for injured basketball players.
items: The Effect of Special Training Using the Soma Application on Photographing Some Physical Abilities of Young Handball Players
items: The Effect of the Learning Dimensions Model on the Teaching of Some Basic Skills Student Football
items: The Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises with Paraffin Wax on Improving the Strength and Range of Motion of Wrist Joint Patients in Handball Players
items: Design and codification of the strength tolerance test for the limbs (arms and legs together) using Purple Rubber Cord for Wrestlers (17-19) Years Old

الفهرس والمقدمات
type: item
description: هيئة التحرير
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: admin admin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
doi: 10.32792/5555mj46

تأثير استخدام وسائل تدريبية في تأهيل مفصل الرسغ لدى الطلاب المصابين في درس التنس الارضي
type: item
description: The selection of training methods in the rehabilitation aspect is one of the most important elements that enhances this aspect. Therefore, great attention must be paid to the type and details of these methods. The current research aims to develop diverse training methods specific to sports rehabilitation and then identify their impact. The researcher hypothesizes that there are significant differences between the pre-test and post-test scores of the research sample, favoring the post-test in measuring the research variables. The researcher employed a single-group experimental design with pre- and post-tests. The research population consisted of 82 students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Wasit University. The research sample, comprising 8 students, was selected after medical diagnosis. The research variables were then defined, and appropriate tests were chosen. The researcher began by conducting a pilot study followed by a pre-test. The main experiment was then conducted on the research sample over a period of six weeks, including two rehabilitation units per week, each lasting 45 minutes. After the six-week period, the researcher administered the post-test and compiled the results in statistical tables for analysis and discussion. The researcher concluded that training methods play a clear role. In the rehabilitation of meniscus (scaphoid) ligament injuries, the researcher recommends utilizing training methods in the rehabilitation process, as they are an engaging tool for patients. Keywords: (Training methods – wrist joint – tennis)
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: الوسائل التدريبية – مفصل الرسغ – التنس الارضي
  topic: keywords
creator: مصطفى محمد علي فرحان الاركوازي
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 93
ending page: 101
doi: 10.32792/hs37t744

تأثير انموذج بارمان في تعلم مهارتي المناولة والدحرجة بكرة القدم للطالبات
type: item
description: The research aims to know the effect of the Barman model in learning the skills of handling and rolling in football for female students. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the research problem by designing two equivalent groups with pre- and post-tests. The research community consisted of (50) female students from the first stage at Al-Ain Private University, Iraq, for the academic year 2024-2025, distributed into four sections. The research sample was chosen vertically to represent a section with (15) students representing the experimental group and section (B) with (15) students representing the control group. The absent female students of the exploratory experiment were excluded. After that, the researcher conducted homogeneity and equivalence in the pre-tests for the skills of handling and rolling. After that, the researcher applied the main experiment to the research sample according to the Barman model. Post-tests were conducted and statistical operations were carried out for the tests in order to reach the results. The researcher concluded that implementing the educational units according to the Barman model has an impact on the process of learning the skills of handling and rolling. It helped in improving the level of performance of the students through the use of the stages of the model, which helped the students and the student in the correct participation and interaction in the learning process and then reach the achievement of the goals of the educational unit compared to the control group. The researcher recommends the use of the Barman model in the process of learning all skills in football and other activities in order to raise the level of performance of the students in the process of learning skills.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: admin admin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 190
ending page: 199
doi: 10.32792/zydpyr41

The Effect of Integrated Barre and Gyrokinesis Exercises on Trunk Flexibility and Selected Motor Abilities for First-Year Female Students
type: item
description: This study aimed to design an integrated exercise program combining Barre (focusing on strength, stability, and alignment) and Gyrokinesis (focusing on spinal fluidity and rotational movements). The goal was to evaluate its impact on trunk flexibility and motor abilities (dynamic balance, agility, and coordination) among first-year female students. Methodology: The researcher used the experimental method with a two-equivalent group design (experimental and control). The final sample consisted of (10) students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Wasit. The training program lasted for (9) weeks (18 sessions), with two sessions per week. Low-to-moderate intensity interval training (50%-75%) was implemented, focusing on movement precision and maximum range of motion. Results: Statistical analysis using SPSS showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the pre-tests and post-tests for the experimental group in all variables. The experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in the post-tests for trunk flexibility, dynamic balance, agility, and motor coordination. Conclusions: The integration of Barre and Gyrokinesis is highly effective in reducing "motor stiffness" and enhancing spinal mobility. Barre exercises provide a stable base (the Barre) that helps students control their center of gravity, while Gyrokinesis develops fluid coordination between the trunk and limbs.
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: Barre
  topic: keywords
subject: Gyrokinesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Trunk Flexibility
  topic: keywords
creator: Rusl Shallan Ghannam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
doi: 10.32792/ad3wbc84

Investing leisure time in recreational sports activities to reduce psychological stress among prisoners
type: item
description: <a href="The importance of the research is to identify the effect of recreational sports activities to reduce or reduce psychological stress in Basra prisoners. results resulting from the psychological pressures that prisoners are exposed to and the wrong use of leisure time, and one of the objectives of the research is to make the correct and ideal investment of leisure time in prisoners, and to identify the causes and sources of psychological stress in prisoners, as well as to identify the effectiveness of recreational sports activities in alleviating psychological stress in prisoners. The researcher employed a descriptive survey method to align with the research project's objectives, the nature of the problem, and the description and explanation of the studied phenomenon to derive results. The sample was deliberately selected from the prisoners of Basra Governorate (Hamdan Central Prison), comprising 250 individuals. Ultimately, 180 prisoners participated in the experiment, representing 72%, while 64 prisoners were excluded for the exploratory phase. Consequently, The sample was split into two sections: one for the scale's design and fabrication, and another for its application. At first, 100 prisoners, or 40% of the overall population, made up the sample used to create the scale.Second, the scale was applied to 80 inmates, or 32% of the total. The researcher came to the conclusion that inmates in the Basra Governorate who participate in recreational sports experience less psychological stress and anxiety. while to call for not overseeing the role of recreational sports activities within the daily curricula of prisoners, giving great importance to physical recreational activities inside the prison and increasing group games because of their great role in spreading the spirit of love and tolerance, getting out of psychological pressures and anxiety, and optimal use of leisure time. Adopting a planned and deliberate physical recreation curriculum to alleviate the p…
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Ahmed Ghazi Hamoud Jaber
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
doi: 10.32792/4fmcd262

تقييم أثر الدروس العملية في توازن القوة العضلية للذراعين باستخدام جهاز( Bullworker X5 )لدى طلاب التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة
type: item
description: تُعد القوة العضلية من المتطلبات الأساسية للأداء الحركي السليم في الأنشطة الرياضية المختلفة، ويُعد التوازن في القوة العضلية بين طرفي الجسم (الذراع الأيمن والأيسر) مؤشرًا مهمًا للكفاءة البدنية والوقاية من الإصابات، وتشير العديد من الدراسات إلى أن عدم التوازن العضلي غير الطبيعي قد يؤدي إلى انخفاض مستوى الأداء وزيادة احتمالية الإصابات العضلية والمفصلية، وبالتالي يؤدي عدم اداء العمل بصوره صحيحة، ولذلك يحتاج كل عمل يتم إنجازه الى تنميه العضلات العاملة والكابحة كحد سواء لإظهار القوة المطلوبة، وللتوازن القوة العضلية بين الجانبين الايمن والايسر مطلوب من الناحية الشكلية للتحكم بشكل عام او من الناحية العملية لعمل العضلات في اخراج القوة المطلوبة للأداء، كما أن استخدام الأجهزة اليدوية للمقاومة مثل جهاز Bullworker X5)) يُعد من الأساليب الحديثة في تدريب وقياس القوة العضلية، إلا أن توظيفه في البيئة الأكاديمية العربية ما يزال محدودًا، الأمر الذي يبرز الحاجة إلى دراسة علمية تكشف عن أثر الدروس العملية في توازن القوة العضلية للذراعين باستخدام هذا الجهاز. اما أهمية البحث فتتجلى في الإسهام في إثراء الأدبيات العلمية المتعلقة بتوازن القوة العضلية للطرفين العلويين، وتسليط الضوء على فاعلية الدروس العملية في تحقيق التوازن العضلي، فضلا عن توظيف جهاز (Bullworker X5) كأداة قياس حديثة في المجال الأكاديمي، وتزويد مدرسي التربية البدنية بمؤشرات علمية لتطوير محتوى الدروس العملية، والكشف المبكر عن الفروق في القوة العضلية بين الذراعين والإسهام في تقليل احتمالية الإصابات الناتجة عن عدم التوازن العضلي، فضلا عن إمكانية اعتماد نتائج البحث في تطوير المناهج العملية.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: صلاح حسن محمد
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 102
ending page: 110
doi: 10.32792/vb22h542

Establishing Reference Levels for Assessing Physical Health among Women Participating in Fitness Programs Based on Selected Anthropometric Measurements
type: item
description: The aim of the study was to establish reference levels for assessing physical health among women participating in fitness programs based on selected anthropometric measurements. The researcher employed the descriptive method due to its suitability for the nature of the research problem. Measurements were applied to a sample of (114) women participating in fitness programs in Baghdad. The measurements included indicators such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and fat distribution ratios, which were statistically analyzed to extract normative levels. The results indicated the possibility of constructing accurate scientific reference levels based on anthropometric measurements, contributing to the objective assessment of physical health among women participating in fitness programs. These levels help diagnose physical status and clearly and practically classify health levels. The findings also revealed variability in anthropometric measurements and the possibility of classifying participants into different health levels. The extracted reference levels contributed to providing an objective tool for assessing physical health. The researcher recommends adopting these reference levels in fitness centers to develop training programs and improve women’s overall health.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: admin admin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 199
ending page: 211
doi: 10.32792/m2g09279

The effect of exercises based on the differential learning method on learning the skills of tamping and passing for football players under (13) years teams
type: item
description: <a href="The importance of this research is evident in the fact that it highlights the possibility of employing modern motor learning principles according to the differential learning method in teaching the skills of suppression and handling of football buds under (13) years old, which may enrich the educational system at this critical stage with scientific tools more in line with the nature of human motor learning and its deep neural mechanisms, the most important objectives of the research: Identifying the effect of exercises according to the differential learning method in learning the suppression and handling skills for football players under (13) The research population was represented by the players of the football sports academies in Wasit governorate under (13) years old, while the research sample was represented by the players of the neighborhood youth academy under (13) years old, who were randomly distributed into two equal groups, with (11) players for the experimental group and (11) The researchers reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: Exercises according to the differential learning method revealed a clear positive effect on learning the skills of football players under the age of (13) years in the academies of Wasit Governorate, as the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in the post-tests compared to its pre-tests.">The importance of this research is evident in the fact that it highlights the possibility of employing modern motor learning principles according to the differential learning method in teaching the skills of suppression and handling of football buds under (13) years old, which may enrich the educational system at this critical stage with scientific tools more in line with the nature of human motor learning and its deep neural mechanisms, the most important objectives of the research: Identifying the effect of exercises according to the differential learning method in learning the suppre…
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: التعلم التفاضلي
  topic: keywords
subject: الاخماد
  topic: keywords
subject: المناولة
  topic: keywords
subject: كرة القدم
  topic: keywords
subject: دون (13) سنة
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Naji Jabri
creator: Mohamed Abed Abo El-Ther
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
doi: 10.32792/y5csp397

A Factor Study of Some Physical Abilities and the Skills of Sending and Forehand Strike in Badminton for Students of the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
type: item
description: <a href="Testing and measurement is one of the scientific means that helps in the process of selecting the best students for the requirements of the sport activity practiced according to their physical abilities and the level of their skill performance in badminton, and in order to proceed the selection process correctly, it is necessary to use tests and measurement because it is the best means by which to identify the physical and skill abilities of students, and the research aims to To- Determining the physical tests of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the tests of the sending and front stroke skills of badminton students in the form of namable and interpretable factors, and determining the simple factor structure of physical tests and the skills of sending and forehand for students of the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences in badminton, and the descriptive curriculum was used on (102) students in the faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences of (Salah Al-Din University). Erbil and Soran) in Erbil Governorate for the year 2024-2025 , and (11) physical tests and (4) skill tests were applied, and after processing the data, a set of conclusions were reached: - Seven orthogonal factors were extracted from the process of factor analysis of the results of the tests that the research sample underwent. - In light of the conditions for the acceptance of the factor, (4) factors were accepted and named as (the first factor with the transitional speed, the second factor with the forward dimensional strike, the third factor with the skill of transmission, and the fourth factor with the distinctive force The fifth and seventh factors were neglected because they measure a complex component that is difficult to name and interpret, - the results indicate that the sixth factor using the orthogonal rotation did not achieve the specified number of factor acceptance and was t…
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Sana Walid Fares Muhammad
creator: Othman Mustafa Othman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
doi: 10.32792/nahga805

The Effectiveness of a Cognitive Counseling Program in Planning Thinking and Some Basic Skills in Football among the Youth of Erbil Club
type: item
description: <a href="The research aims to: 1- Preparing a knowledge counseling program for the youth of Erbil Football Club. 2- Identifying the differences between the pre- and post-tests of the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. 3- Identifying the differences in the post-tests between the experimental and control groups in planning thinking and some basic skills in football among the youth of Erbil Club. The researchers used the experimental method in order to suit it and the nature of the problem, and the researchers selected the research sample in the deliberate way, which represents the youth players of Erbil Club and the participant in the Iraqi Football League for professional clubs under 19 years old, which are (28) players, and the sample was divided into two groups (experimental and control), and the researchers relied on the use of the (Version-22) SPSS system to extract the results. The researchers reached some conclusions, the most important of which are: 1- A clear superiority was achieved in improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the pre- and post-tests using the cognitive counseling program and its techniques prepared by the researcher in the experimental group. 2- The experimental group was superior to the control group in developing the planning thinking of the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the two dimensional tests of the two groups. 3- The experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-tests Improving some basic football skills for the youth players of Erbil Sports Club when comparing the experimental and control groups. The researchers recommended the following: 1- The need to pay attention to cognitive counseling programs, which are part of long-term psychological preparation programs in teaching some basic cognitive and skill aspects of football. 2- The necessity of conducting similar …
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: Cognitive Counseling Program, Plan Thinking, Basic Skills, Erbil Club Youth
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammed Anwar Murad
creator: Ali Hussein Ali Rozhbayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
doi: 10.32792/pk9k5211

اعداد وتطبيق مقياس القيادة الأخلاقية لدى العاملين في اتحادات لعبة كرة اليد في العراق
type: item
description: يشهدُ المجال الرياضي في مختلف تخصصاته وميادينه الكثير من التحديات، حيث يحتاج هذا المجال لقيادات إدارية تتسم بالقدرة على التنظيم الأمثل للموارد البشرية والمادية وكذلك التخطيط والتوجيه والرقابة، اذ تُعد القيادة الأخلاقية واحدةً من أهمِ العوامل المؤثرة في نجاح عمل الهيئات الإدارية لأنها تلعب دوراً مهما واساسياً في توجيه الأفراد والتأثير عليهم، حيث تعتبر ركيزة مهمة تساعدهم على تنمية الابداع والعمل على توفير بيئة مناسبة تمكن المنظمات من التطور والازدهار والتحكم في صناعة القرارات واتخاذها بحيادية، مما يحقق مبدأ احترام وحفظ كرامتهم والعمل على مصالحهم ومعالجة السلوكيات غير المرغوب بها عند الأفراد مما يمكنهم منم التعامل مع الازمات وحلها, وبذلك تعتبر القيادة الأخلاقية ضرورة حيوية فهي تعمل على ربط النجاح المؤسسي وقيم العدل مع بعضها . وتتجلى أهمية البحث في تسليط الضوء على القيادة الأخلاقية في بيئة العمل الرياضي وعلى وجه الخصوص في اتحادات كرة اليد لدى العاملين في هذه اتحادات.
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: القيادة الأخلاقية
  topic: keywords
subject: كرة اليد
  topic: keywords
creator: ميثاق غازي محمد
creator: جبار علي جبار
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 157
ending page: 181
doi: 10.32792/qtt71f91

The effect of preventative exercises in the water to strengthen back muscles for the lifeguards of Yarmouk Recreational Club
type: item
description: This research aimed to develop and implement preventative exercises in an aquatic environment to strengthen back muscles among a sample of lifeguards at the Yarmouk Recreational Club, and to determine their effect on improving spinal flexibility and muscular strength. The researcher used a single-group experimental design, conducting pre- and post-tests on a sample of seven individuals. The training program was based on a set of preventative exercises performed in the aquatic environment, given its advantages such as reducing stress on the joints and providing natural resistance beneficial for strength development. Measurement tools included tests of anterior and posterior spinal flexibility and back muscle strength using a dynamometer. The results showed statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests, favoring the post-tests in all variables, indicating the effectiveness of aquatic preventative exercises in improving spinal flexibility and increasing back muscle strength. This improvement underscores the need for a gradual increase in intensity and variety in the adoptedaquaticexercises.
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: نادي اليرموك الترفيهي
  topic: keywords
subject: تمرينات
  topic: keywords
subject: الوسط المائي
  topic: keywords
creator: admin admin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 147
ending page: 156
doi: 10.32792/7cychg54

Professional ethics and their role in supporting the professional engagement of employees in youth and sports forums in Baghdad
type: item
description: The aim of the research is to construct two scales: professional ethics and job engagement, to identify the level of both professional ethics and job engagement among employees in Youth and Sports Forums in Baghdad, and to determine the contribution and effect of professional ethics on job engagement among these employees. The researcher hypothesized that the results of the professional ethics scale significantly contribute to, correlate with, and affect the results of the job engagement scale for the research sample. The descriptive method was adopted using a correlational approach on employees of the Rusafa Youth and Sports Forum, numbering (250) individuals, representing the total research sample, which constitutes (22.584%) of the research population who were regularly attending work in three forums during the year (2025). The sample was divided into three groups according to the research requirements. After completing the procedural and statistical steps for constructing both research scales on a construction sample of (130) individuals, and conducting a pilot test on (10) individuals, the two scales were applied to an application sample of (110) individuals. After processing the results using the (SPSS) system, the conclusions indicated that the professional ethics and job engagement scales are valid for measuring these two administrative phenomena among employees in Youth and Sports Forums in Baghdad, and they possess the scientific properties required for paper-and-pencil measures. A moderate level of both professional ethics and job engagement was found among employees in these forums. Moreover, the presence of an acceptable level of professional ethics has a clear positive role in enhancing and raising the level of job engagement among employees in Youth and Sports Forums in Baghdad. The most important recommendations include the necessity of developing programs to promote and enhance professional ethics due to their role in increasing job engagement among…
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: أخلاقيات المهنة، الإنغماس الوظيفي، منتديات الشباب والرياضة
  topic: keywords
creator: Sabba Kais Gathban
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 132
ending page: 146
doi: 10.32792/3xhv7f77

دراسة تحليلية لعزوف الطالبات عن المشاركة في النشاطات الرياضية بكلية القانون جامعة القادسية
type: item
description: هدف البحث الى معرفة اسباب عزوف طالبات كلية القانون جامعة القادسية عن المشاركة في النشاطات الطلابية ، واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي كونه انسب المناهج لمعالجة مشكلة البحث حيث تم تصميم استمارة استبانة مكونة من ثلاثة محاور وهي المحور الاول أسباب العزوف خارج البيئة الجامعية المكون من (5) أسئلة والمحور الثاني أسباب العزوف داخل البيئة الجامعية المكون من (5) أسئلة والمحور الثالث الاسباب الثقافية المكون من (4) أسئلة في الحصول على الاجابات على استمارة الاستبيان التي تضم (14) عباره موزعه كما مذكور في اعلاه وقد تم اختيار مجتمع البحث بالطريقة العمدية وهم طالبات المرحلة الرابعة لكلية القانون/ جامعة القادسية للعام الدراسي 2023/2024 البالغ عددهم (112) طالباً بواقع (4) شعب للدراسة الصباحية وتم معرفة وضوح الاستبيان وفهم عباراته على عينه استطلاعيه تمثلت بـ (25) طالبة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية وتم استبعادهم من البحث وتم التأكد من صدق وثبات الاستبيان عن طريق المحكمين وكذلك صدق المحتوى بين محاور الاستبيان ككل وكذلك بين كل محور والعبارات التي تمت صياغتها له وقد اظهرت النتائج ان اولوية المعوقات التي تواجه الطالبات من العزوف عن المشاركة تعود بالدرجة الاولى الى المحور الثاني في عدم توفر المكان المناسب لممارسة النشاط الرياضي من ملاعب وقاعات متعددة الاغراض و عدم تفهم بعض الكادر التدريسي للنشاط وتشجعيهم وحثهم على المشاركة فيه وجاء المحور الثالث المرتبط بالجوانب الثقافية بالمركز الثاني والتي تنص على عدم الاهتمام بدرس التربية الرياضية في المراحل الدراسية السابقة كما جاء في المركز الثالث المحور الاول وهو تمنعك الأعراف الاجتماعية المحيطة من ممارسة الانشطة الرياضية و عدم قناعة الاهل في ممارسة الرياضة ورفضهم لممارسة النشاط.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: ثامر كامل كاظم
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
starting page: 182
ending page: 189
doi: 10.32792/rj96nz39

https://utjspe.utq.edu.iq/index.php/utjspe/en/article/view/1016
type: item
title: The Effectiveness of a Rehabilitation Program Based on Improving the Load Symmetry Index between the Upper Limbs in Reducing the Severity of Wrist Joint Pain in Wheelchair Fencing Players with Mobility Disabilities
description: The research aims to identify the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program based on improving the load symmetry index between the upper extremities in reducing the severity of wrist joint pain in wheelchair fencing players with mobility disabilities. The researcher used the experimental method by designing one group (before-post) on a deliberate sample of (4) players. The intensity of pain was measured using the Digital Pain Scale (NRS), measure the grip force with a dynamometer, and then calculate the load symmetry index (%). The results showed a decrease in pain intensity and an improvement in the load symmetry index after the program, indicating its practical feasibility in rehabilitation and support for a safe return to training.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Mustafa Sabah Saleh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effectiveness of the Physical Education Lesson in the Sense of Happiness and Their Reflection in Reducing School Pressures for the Primary Stage from the Teachers' Perspective
type: item
description: The physical education lesson, which represents the smallest educational unit in the school curriculum, directly contributes to providing learners with the ability to experience the activity, understand and modify their behavior, as the primary stage is an important stage in the lives of students. The research problem, where the researcher, being one of the physical education teachers in the primary stage, noticed that there are difficulties or behavioral obstacles as a result of the school pressures placed on the students, including sitting for a long time during the learning process in the classroom. The research aimed to identify the effectiveness of the physical education lesson in terms of the feeling of happiness and their reflection in alleviating school stress among primary school students. The researcher used the descriptive method of survey studies as it is an appropriate method and the nature of the research problem, while the research sample that was selected by the stratified random method relying on the information and data of the research community, represented by (physical education teachers) reached (322 teachers, 321 female teachers) out of a number of (643) like the total population, distributed on (Al-Hashemiya district, Al-Madhatiya district, Al-Shomali district). The most important conclusions: With regard to school pressure, the results indicate that it was high among primary school students. The most important recommendations are: raising awareness of the family, school and community about the phenomenon of violence and the need to address it, and reducing school pressures on students in the school environment and the family as well through parent councils and school media.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Zain Al-Abidin Radhi Muhammad Hussein
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20

The Impact of a Sports Training Program on Some Elements of Physical Fitness in the Transition Phase of Youth Football in Iraq
type: item
description: The research aims to improve some elements of physical fitness in the transitional phase of the youth category in the football category in Iraq, the researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research, and the sample was deliberately selected from the youth category in football under 17 years old at the Oil Sports Club, where the exploratory study was conducted to calculate the scientific coefficients of the tests on (30) youth games outside the main sample, and the basic study was conducted on (60)) Playing football under 17 years old. Among the most important results that the researcher reached through the research objectives and within the limits of the sample, the researcher concluded: Sports training led to an improvement in the transitional speed by (15.13%), motor speed by (37.07%), the speed of return time by (27.63%), and the speed endurance by (9.50%) in the transitional phase for youth in football in Iraq.Sports training led to the improvement of the strength characterized by speed by a percentage ranging from (22.38% to 57.41%) in the transitional phase of the youth category in football in Iraq.Sports training led to an improvement in agility (7.34%), flexibility ( 89.14%), balance (41.38%), accuracy (24.85%) and compatibility by 22.45% in the transitional phase among youth football in Iraq.The impact of the sports training program was high on some elements of physical fitness in the transitional phase for youth in football in Iraq.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Saif Jabbar Jassim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20

The Impact of a Training Program on the Development of Some Basic Skills for Junior Football Players
type: item
description: The study aims to identify the effect of a proposed training program on the development of some basic football skills among players. A sample of soccer players was selected within this age group and divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group underwent a training program prepared according to scientific foundations, which included special skill exercises to develop the skills of passing, rolling, shooting, and controlling the ball, taking into account the age characteristics of the players, while the control group continued the traditional training followed. Pre- and post-tests were performed for both groups, and the results were statistically analyzed using appropriate methods. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group in the post-tests of basic skills, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed training program in developing the skill level of the players. The study recommended the need to adopt scientific training programs to develop the skills of football players at an early age.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Naam Bayat Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effect of Reciprocal Exercises on the Development of Some Physical Abilities and the Achievement of the Effectiveness of the Long Jump
type: item
description: The reciprocal method is one of these methods thatgives a great role to the learner in the learning process and leads to the creation of new relationships and behaviors in the student's and the teacher's home, and develops the transfer of a large number of decisions to the student and creates social relations of special awareness among students, so the importance of research lies in developing the physical abilities of students to learn better for optimal performance by developing special exercises using the reciprocal method to learn the effectiveness of the long jump for college students and economically in terms of The study aimed to prepare exercises for the reciprocal method and to know their effect on the development of some physical abilities and the achievement of the jump effectiveness, as the researcher used the experimental method on the students of the first stage at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences – University of Al-Qadisiyah for the academic year (2024-2025). The number of students amounted to (60) students representing the two divisions (E-D) and by random method, (40) students representing the study sample were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups with (20) students for each group , as the exercises included (8) educational units as well as two introductory units and two educational units per week and after the end of the curriculum and processing the results, the researcher concluded.The exercises of the reciprocal method have a positive effect on the development of some physical abilities (speed and strength) in the members of the research sample (experimental group), which led to the development of the level of achievement
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Murtadha Tahsin Jawad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

https://utjspe.utq.edu.iq/index.php/utjspe/en/article/view/1003
type: item
title: Entrepreneurial Leadership and Its Relationship to Organizational Strength of the Iraqi Central Cycling Federation through Strategic Decision-Making from the Perspective of Its Sub-Federations and Clubs
description: Sports federations are considered among the sports institutions that seek progress and development. They follow the correct path to achieve this, and the first step in the right direction is to have clear objectives, scientific analysis and means, and realistic logic. This process separates levels of work and its steps, defines the characteristics of each stage, and prepares the various means that ensure the achievement of goals. Based on these data, the importance of the research emerges through the role of entrepreneurial leadership and its relationship to the organizational power of the Iraqi Central Cycling Federation through strategic decision-making from the perspective of its sub-federations and clubs. Accordingly, the research problem is defined by the following question: What is the role of entrepreneurial leadership and its relationship to the organizational power of the Iraqi Central Cycling Federation through strategic decision-making from the perspective of its sub-federations and clubs?. The main objectives are to prepare and apply the scales of entrepreneurial leadership, organizational power, and strategic decision-making for the Iraqi Central Cycling Federation from the perspective of its sub-federations and clubs. Chapter Three included the research methodology and field procedures using scientific statistical methods. Chapter Four included the presentation, analysis, and discussion of the results regarding the research pillars and the correlation between them. The most significant conclusion is the interest shown by federation administrations in organizational power, as it is considered an influential factor in enhancing administrative and technical development by strengthening the dimensions of organizational power. The most important recommendation is the necessity for the federation's management to focus on administrative board members who possess scientific qualifications and new expertise.
subject: articles
  topic: section
subject: Entrepreneurial Leadership, Organizational Power, Strategic Decision Making
  topic: keywords
creator: حيدر محمد مصلح
creator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Ali Jabr Jihad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 111
ending page: 131
doi: 10.32792/ay3cb175

The Effectiveness of a Mental Training Program in Developing Mental Toughness in the Players of Samawa Basketball Club
type: item
description: The Effectiveness of a Mental Training Program in Developing Mental Toughness in the Players of Samawa Basketball Club Research Objectives: 1- Identifying the effect of the mental training program on the development of mental toughness among the players of Samawa Basketball Club. 2- Comparing the results of the pre- and post-measurements to know the level of improvement resulting from the program. Research Sample : The players of Samawa Basketball Club for the sports season (2025-2026), which are (20) players. The most important conclusions: The (training – mental) program has a positive effect on improving the mental toughness of the players of Samawa Basketball Club. Recommendations: The program prepared by the researcher and the mental aspects it contained (mental and muscular relaxation, and visualization of skills) reflected positively in the process of improving mental toughness.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Fayez Adnan Shaker
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

Job Alienation and its Relationship with the Organizational Affiliation of Technical Supervisors in the Sports and School Activity Departments in the Directorate of Education of Diwaniya Governorate
type: item
description: The research aims to prepare the scales of job alienation and job affiliation for technical supervisors, knowledge of job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors, and knowing the relationship between job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors, and the research problem lies in answering the following question (what is the relationship between job alienation and organizational affiliation of technical supervisors in the sports and school activity departments of the directorates of Diwaniya Education) The researcher used the descriptive method in the method of relational relations because it is proportional to the objectives of the study to solve The research problem identifies the research community, which are the technical supervisors of sports activity (directorates of sports activity in Diwaniya), through a statistic obtained, which are (180) supervisors in Diwaniyah Governorate. The standards of job alienation and organizational affiliation have been prepared through the use of scientific foundations and the researcher's conclusions, the technical supervisor feels that they really belong to the administrative and technical tasks assigned to him, and that the work of the technical supervisor has a very great meaning for the department and the department to which he belongs, and the researcher recommended the need to provide the sports and school activity departments with advantages and incentives for technical supervisors with distinguished performance, and to create an atmosphere for positive competition among them because of its effective and influential role in consolidating the level of (organizational affiliation) in them.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Ali Saad Aziz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

Building a Scale of the Difficulties of Practical Teaching of Football from the Perspective of its Professors in the Faculties of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to build a scale of the difficulties of practical teaching of football among the professors of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in the subject of football, and to classify these difficulties according to organizational, technical, material, educational, and professional axes. The research problem was the absence of codified scientific tools that accurately reveal the nature of the difficulties faced by football professors in the practical aspect, which makes the process of analysis, treatment and development difficult, the researchers used the descriptive-analytical method as it is the most appropriate in studies of building standards and diagnosing educational phenomena, and the research population was identified from the professors of football in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in Iraqi universities For the academic year (2024-2025), the researchers selected a sample of (150) football teachers with at least five years of experience in this field, the scale was built according to scientific steps that include preparing paragraphs, presenting them to the referees, and testing the honesty and consistency using the appropriate statistical methods.The researchers concluded that there are real difficulties suffered by football professors in the practical aspect, ranging from organizational, technical and material difficulties, the most common of which were the weakness of stadium equipment, lack of tools, and incompatibility of practical lesson times with the conditions of students and professors, and based on these results, the study recommends the adoption of the scale that was built as a reference tool in evaluating the reality of football teaching, with the need for the intervention of scientific departments to address problems and updating educational resources to keep pace with the nature of the subject.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Ali Mohsen Deri 1
creator: Ali Humaid Jbeil2
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

An Analytical Study of Some Biomechanical Variables of Scoring Skill from the (6m) and (10m) Regions and Their Relationship with Accuracy in Futsal
type: item
description: The study aimed to identify the following: Identifying the values of some of the biomechanical variables of scoring from the penalty marks (6) and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Identifying the Differences of Some Biomechanical Variables for Scoring from the Penalty Marks (6) Meters and (10) Meters in Futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. Identifying the Relationship of Some Biomechanical Variables for Scoring from the Penalty Marks (6) Meters and (10) Meters in Futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The study also imposed to: The existence of significant differences for some of the biokinematic variables of the penalty marks (6) meters and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. There is a significant relationship for some of the biokinematic variables of the penalty marks (6) meters and (10) meters in futsal for the Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The research population included seven (7) female students who were selected by the deliberate method, and after conducting the exploratory experiment, the researchers conducted the main experiment on five female students who are good at scoring in the game of futsal and the researchers concluded: There were no significant differences in the angles of the joints of the body parts in most of the variables of scoring accuracy for the areas of (6) meters and (10) meters. There is a significant correlation between the variable of horizontal and vertical displacement, the sum of the displacement and the accuracy of scoring from an area of (6) meters. There is a significant correlation between the variable of horizontal velocity, vertical velocity, total velocity, and scoring accuracy for (10) meters. Hence, the researchers recommended: Emphasizing the study of the positive results of biomechanical variables to benefit from them in football training and e…
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Zainab Mustafa Dhanoun
creator: Salma Nizar Yahya2
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effect of Graded Activities Strategy on Learning to Perform Rolling and Deception Skills in Football for Students
type: item
description: The research aims to identify the effect of the graded activities strategy on learning the performance of the skills of rolling and deception in football for students, and to identify the advantage of the effect between the experimental and control groups in the post-test in the performance of the skills of rolling and deception in football for students. The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the research problem by designing the two equal groups (experimental and control) with pre- and post-tests, and the research community included first-stage students at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Babylon for the academic year (2023-2024), as they reached (120) students divided into three study divisions (B), (C), and (D) The research sample was selected by random method by lottery method of (40) students divided into two experimental and control groups of (20) students, and the data were statistically processed for the variables researched using the statistical package (SPSS), and one of the most important conclusions reached by the researcher is that the use of educational units according to the strategy of graded activities has an effective effect on increasing students' motivationTowards learning, as well as raising the level of students in learning to perform the skills in football under study, the most important recommendations that the researcher came out with using educational units according to the strategy of graded activities, which contributed significantly to the development of students in the performance of the skills under study, and the need to apply modern study strategies because they have a positive impact on the level of learning.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Jaafar Ahmed Mahdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

Designing an innovative rehabilitation program based on visual-motor training to treat rotator sleeve injuries and develop some physical and skill variables for injured basketball players.
type: item
description: The research problem lies in the lack of integrated rehabilitation programs that treat rotator cuff injuries from the perspective of functional performance, as most of the current programs focus on restoring range of motion and muscle strength in isolation from the actual performance requirements, neglecting the cognitive-sensory aspect that connects vision and movement, and relying on typical exercises that do not simulate unexpected conditions on the field. The readiness of the shoulder to deal with complex visual and motor stimuli, and the continued weakness of accuracy and speed in basic skills despite the disappearance of pain The research aims to design an innovative rehabilitation program based on visual-motor training to treat rotator sleeve injuries and develop some physical and skill variables for injured basketball players and identify the most important physical and skill variables of injured basketball players The researchers used the experimental one-group method to suit the nature of the research, and the researchers identified the research population and sample in the deliberate way, which are The researchers concluded that the effectiveness of the innovative rehabilitation program in achieving real and measurable improvements in the physical and skill aspects of basketball players with rotator fist can be adopted as an advanced model that goes beyond traditional rehabilitation to the comprehensive development of athletic performance that integrates physical, skillful, and cognitive abilities into one integrated system.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Amani Alaa Abbas1
creator: Saif Ali Mohammed2
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effect of Special Training Using the Soma Application on Photographing Some Physical Abilities of Young Handball Players
type: item
description: The Effect of Special Training Using the Soma Application on Photographing Some Physical Abilities of Young Handball Players The study aimed to identify the effect of special training using the Soma application in imaging some of the physical abilities of young handball players, the importance of the research lies in the tests and physical measurements that reflect the level of adaptation that can be caused by the training curriculum that the handball players underwent under study, which enables coaches to discover the abilities to achieve the desired goals of the training curriculum, hence the importance of using the Soma application in depicting some physical abilities For young handball players, what are the research objectives: Develop a special training curriculum using the Soma app to develop some physical abilities in young handball players. Identify the effect of the special training curriculum to develop some physical abilities in young handball players. The research areas were: 1-5-1 Human field: Youth players of Baquba Sporting Club in handball. 1.5.2 Spatial Domain: The indoor Katoon Forum Hall in Baquba. 1.5.3 Temporal Domain: For the period from 1/6/2025 to 1/8/2025 The most important conclusions were: The use of the Soma application is a performance to improve the players' ability to endure speed because of the similarity of this style to the nature of the kinetic performance of the game of handball. The development of speed prolongation had a great impact on improving the players' ability to improve their ability to resist fatigue and continue to perform efficiently.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Maha Hassan Musleh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effect of the Learning Dimensions Model on the Teaching of Some Basic Skills Student Football
type: item
description: The importance of this research lies in the fact that it seeks to introduce one of the modern teaching models into the field of physical education, in accordance with the nature of the game of football and the needs of learners. A scientific method is also presented that contributes to the development of basic football skills in a way that is based on thinking and understanding, rather than on indoctrination. The research problem was: The researcher found that there is a weak level of learning and developing basic skills in football among students as a result of the adoption of traditional teaching methods that do not take into account the requirements of modern learning, which calls for research on the impact of applying the learning dimensions model as one of the effective educational models that can contribute to the development of the education process and improve their skill performance. The research objective was to identify the effect of the Dimensions of Learning model on teaching some basic skills in football to students. The experimental method was used, while the research sample was the students of the first stage at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Basra, and after applying the model, the most important conclusions were reached: The Learning Dimensions model helped to teach and develop some basic skills in football for students. Recommendation: Adopting the Learning Dimensions model as it helps to teach and develop some basic football skills for students.
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Ammar Nasser Younis
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

The Effect of Rehabilitation Exercises with Paraffin Wax on Improving the Strength and Range of Motion of Wrist Joint Patients in Handball Players
type: item
description: The world is witnessing vast progress in all fields and various sciences, especially those sciences that are closely related to the sciences of physical education, especially physiotherapy and preparationfor sports injuries of all types and types. More than normal, most of the injuries were in the ligaments of the joint, as the researcher had data about rehabilitation, as the occurrence of this sports injury is one of the important problems that limit the functional efficiency of the wrist joint and the abilities of the athlete or the loss of his future, to identify the effect of rehabilitation exercises in improving the strength and range of motion of those with wrist joint injuries in handball players, and the researcher used the experimental method to suit the research problem, where the After the completion of the pre- and post-tests and the application of rehabilitative exercises, the researcher reached the following results that the rehabilitation exercises positively affected the rehabilitation of the wrist joint patients in the research sample in improving both muscle strength and range of motion
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: ALAA MOHAMMED JASIM
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20

Design and codification of the strength tolerance test for the limbs (arms and legs together) using Purple Rubber Cord for Wrestlers (17-19) Years Old
type: item
description: The importance of the research is manifested by the need to design and codify a codified scientific test for the strength tolerance of the limbs using the purple rubber rope, in line with the physical and physiological characteristics of wrestlers in this age group, and the provision of a codified and objective test that measures the strength tolerance of the limbs in wrestlers aged (17-19) years using the purple rubber cord, which helps trainers and researchers to diagnose the physical level more accurately, and follow up the training development scientifically. The problem of the research was: the absence of a codified and specific scientific test to measure the strength tolerance of the limbs using rubber ropes in wrestlers aged (17-19) years, which is relied on in sports training, we will not be able to develop and progress at the level, and the use of modern training tools that are commensurate with the requirements of this age and provide clear standards and standard grades for such types of tests makes the diagnosis of the real level of strength endurance and the follow-up of its developmentin the first place. Research Objectives:
subject: articles
  topic: section
creator: Jalal Abdul Zahra Kanaan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 University of Thi-Qar Journal for Sciences of Physical Education https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20